Challenges Limiting Healthcare Data Utilization for Policy Decision-Making in Tanzania: A Qualitative Panel Discussion

Abstract

Background: Accurate and reliable healthcare data are essential for effective policy decision-making, resource allocation,
and improved health outcomes. In Tanzania, despite various efforts to strengthen Health Management Information Systems
(HMIS), the utilisation of healthcare data in policy and planning remains limited. Existing studies highlight challenges
such as poor data quality, limited skills in data interpretation, and fragmented health information systems, yet there is
limited qualitative evidence capturing the lived experiences and perspectives of frontline stakeholders on these barriers.
This study was conducted to address this gap by identifying and contextualising the key obstacles that hinder healthcare
data utilisation for policy decision-making in Tanzania, using insights from a multidisciplinary expert panel discussion.
Methods: A qualitative research approach was employed, focusing on a panel discussion with five experts in the field
of health systems and Health Management Information Systems (HMIS) during the 8th Tanzania Health Summit. The
panellists were purposively selected, representing diverse backgrounds and expertise in healthcare data utilisation.
Data were primarily collected from the panellists’ presentations and audience interaction with those who attended the
session. An inductive semantic thematic analysis approach was used to identify the key obstacles limiting healthcare
data utilisation in Tanzania.
Results: The study identifies key obstacles limiting healthcare data utilisation in Tanzania, which include unskilled
professionals, multiple health information systems, poor data quality, competing donor priorities, poor communication,
healthcare staff fatigue, and low working morale. These challenges hinder effective data-driven decision-making and
healthcare service delivery. Addressing these obstacles requires a multifaceted approach involving collaboration among
stakeholders, investment in capacity building, harmonisation of health information systems, improved communication,
and prioritisation of healthcare worker well-being.
Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the challenges faced in healthcare data utilisation
for policy decision-making in Tanzania. Addressing these obstacles is critical for enhancing the capacity of healthcare
professionals, policymakers, and other stakeholders to make informed decisions based on accurate, high-quality
healthcare data. The study’s results can serve as a foundation for targeted interventions and policy recommendations
aimed at improving healthcare data utilisation in Tanzania and in similar resource-limited settings.